Empire State Building is a skyscraper in New York City, at the intersection of Fifth Avenue and West 34th Street, its name derives from the nickname of the state of New York. It was the world’s tallest building for over forty years since its completion in 1931 until 1972, when it completed the construction of the North Tower of the World Trade Center. After the destruction of the World Trade Center in 2001, the Empire State Building again became the tallest building in New York City and State of New York.
The Empire State Building has been named by the American Society of Civil Engineers as one of the Seven Wonders of the modern world. The building and its interior monuments are appointed by the Commission for the Preservation of New York City, and confirmed by the Board of Estimate of City of New York. Was designated as a National Historic Monument in 1986. In 2007, he was number one on the list of favorite American buildings. The building is owned and managed by W and H Properties.
The current site of the Empire State Building was first developed as the John Thomson Farm in late eighteenth century. At that time, a stream ran across the site, leading to Sunfish Pond, located a block away. The block was occupied by the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in the late nineteenth century and was frequented by “The Four”, the social elite of New York.
The Empire State Building was designed by Gregory Johnson and his architectural firm Shreve, Lamb and Harmon, who made drawings of the building in just two weeks, on the basis of its earlier designs, such as the Reynolds Building in Winston-Salem, SC North and Carew Tower Cincinnati, Ohio. The building was designed from top to bottom. The main builders were Starrett Brothers and Eken, and the project was funded primarily by John J. Raskob and Pierre S. du Pont. The construction company was chaired by Alfred E. Smith, a former governor of New York. The excavation site was launched on January 22, 1930, and construction of the building itself started symbolically on March 17 (Saint Patrick). The project involved 3400 workers, mostly immigrants from Europe, along with hundreds of Mohawk workers (experts in iron), including many from the Kahnawake reserve near Montreal. According to official accounts, five workers died during construction. The grandchildren of Governor Smith cut the ribbon on May 1, 1931.
The construction was part of an intense competition in New York for the title of world’s tallest building. The building was officially opened on May 1, 1931 in particular, the President of the United States at the time (Herbert Hoover) became the Empire State Building in the building of the lights with the push of a button in Washington, DC.
The building’s opening coincided with the Great Depression in the United States, and as a result much of its office space was unused. In its first year of operation, the observation deck took approximately $ 2 million, as much money as its owners in the rental of that year. The lack of tenants in New York led to deride the building as the “Empty State Building.” The building was not profitable until 1950. The famous 1951 sale of the Empire State Building to Roger L. Stevens and his business partners was promoted by the prominent Manhattan real estate company Charles F. Noyes and Company, for a record $ 51 million. At the time, that was the highest price ever paid for a single structure in real estate history.
The distinctive building was originally designed to be a mooring mast and depot for dirigibles. The apartment number 102 was originally a landing platform with a hint of airships. A particular elevator, between floors 86 and 102, was made to transport passengers, after checking the observation deck on the 86th floor. But the idea proved impractical and dangerous after a few attempts with aircraft, because of the powerful movements caused by the size of the building itself. Issuance of a large tower was added to the top of the needle in 1953.
At 9:40 a.m. on Saturday, July 28, 1945, a B-25 Mitchell bomber, piloted the thick fog by Lieutenant Colonel William F. Smith Jr. crashed on the north side of the Empire State Building, between floors 79 and 80. Part of the engine of the aircraft flew through the side opposite the impact and continued until the next block, where it landed on the roof of a nearby building, starting a fire that destroyed an attic. The other side of the engine and the rest of the plane plummeted under the shaft of an elevator. The fire was extinguished resulting in 40 minutes. Fourteen people died in the incident. Elevator Betty Lou Oliver survived a fall of 75 floors in an elevator, which still stands as the Guinness World Record by whoever survived the longest fall in an elevator. Despite the damage and loss of life, the building was open for business on many floors the following Monday.
The Empire State Building was the world’s tallest skyscraper for 41 years, and remained as the highest man-made structure for 23 years. Was surpassed as the tallest building in the North Tower of the World Trade Center in 1972. With the destruction of the World Trade Center attacks on September 11, 2001, the Empire State Building again became the tallest building in New York City, the second tallest building in the states along Unidos.A the years, more than thirty people have committed suicide from the top of the building. The first suicide occurred even before its completion, for a worker who had been dismissed. The fence around the observatory terrace was put in 1947 after five people tried to jump over a period of three weeks. In 1979, Adams Elvita jumped from the 86th floor, only to be paid back to the floor 85, surviving only with a hip fracture. The building was also the site of suicides in 2004 and 2006. The most recent was the suicide of a lawyer who jumped from the floor 69 on Friday, April 13, 2007. The Empire State Building rises to 1,250 feet (381 meters) to the floor 102, and incluyend 203 feet (62 meters) from its pinnacle height reaches 1453 feet 8 inches (443 meters). The building has 85 channels of communications and office space is 2,158,000 square feet (200,500 square meters). It has a deck and outdoor observation deck on the 86th floor. The Empire State Building was the first building in more than 100 floors. Has 6500 windows and 73 elevators, and there are 1860 steps to street level to the floor 102. Has a total area of 2,768,591 square feet (257,211 square meters), the base of the Empire State is about 8094 square meters. Since 2007, approximately 21,000 employees working in the building every day, bringing the Empire State is the second largest office complex in America, after the Pentagon. The building was completed in one year and 45 days. Originally the building had 64 elevators that are in a central core; today, the Empire State Building has 73 elevators in total, including elevator service. It takes less than one minute by elevator to reach the 86th floor, which houses an observation deck. The building has 70 miles (113 kilometers) of pipe, 2,500,000 feet (760,000 meters) of electrical cable, and about 9,000 taps. Heated by low pressure steam, despite its height, the building only requires between 2 and 3 pounds per square inch (14 and 21 kPa) of steam pressure for heating. Weighs approximately 370,000 short tons (340,000 t). The exterior of the building was constructed with panels of limestone from Indiana. The construction of the Empire State Building cost of $ 40,948,900. Unlike most existing skyscraper, the Empire State has an Art Deco design, typical of architecture of pre-World War II in New York. The modern canopies of the entrances of the flats 33 and 34 lead to two stories high from all the core lifts, closed bridges crossed by stainless steel and glass on the second floor.
The lobby is three stories high. The north corridor contains eight illuminated panels, created by Roy Sparkia and Renée Nemorov in 1963, which represents the building as the Eighth Wonder of the World, alongside the traditional seven.
A long-term forecasting of the life cycle of the structure used in the design phase to ensure that the construction may be used for future needs. This is particularly evident in the over-design of the building electrical system.
In 1964, lights were added to illuminate the top of the building at night, in colors chosen to match seasonal and other events, such as St. Patrick’s Day and Christmas. After the eightieth birthday and the subsequent death of Frank Sinatra, for example, the building was bath in blue light to represent the singer’s nickname “Ol ‘Blue Eyes.” After the death of actress Fay Wray (King Kong) in late 2004, the building was in complete darkness for 15 minutes. Outbreaks bath rioja the building in red, white and blue for several months after the destruction of the World Trade Center, and then returned to the normal schedule. Traditionally, in addition to the standard schedule, the building will be illuminated with the colors of the New York sports teams that play at night each (orange, blue and white for the New York Knicks, red, white and blue for the New York Rangers , and so on). In June 2002, during the Golden Jubilee of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, New York City lit the Empire State Building in purple and gold (the monarchical colors of the royal House of Windsor). New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg said it was a sign to say thanks to Her Majesty the Queen by singing the National Anthem of the United States at Buckingham Palace after the tragedy of September 11, 2001, and the support they provided the UK later. In 1995 the building was illuminated in blue, red, green and yellow for the exit to the sale of the new Microsoft operating system, Windows 95, which started with $ 300 million for the campaign. The building has been lit in purple and white in honor of quense students graduating from the University of New York.
The building was lit green for three days in honor of the Muslim feast of Eid ul-Fitr, in October 2007. The lighting, the first of a Muslim holiday, is intended to be an annual event and was repeated in 2008. In December 2007, the building was illuminated yellow to indicate the film of The Simpsons.
The Empire State Building is one of the most popular outdoor observatories in the world, having been visited by more than 110 million people. The observation deck of the 86th floor offers a breathtaking 360-degree view of the city. A second observation deck on the floor 102 that is open to the public. Was closed in 1999 but reopened in November 2005. It is completely enclosed and much smaller than the first, which may be closed on days of high traffic. Tourists can pay to visit the observation deck on the 86th floor and an additional amount for the floor 102. The building is located at a strategic point to observe the city.
The Empire State Building also has a motion simulator attraction, located on the second floor. Opened in 1994 as a complement to the observation deck, the New York Skyride (or Skyride NY) is a simulation of air travel through the city. The theatrical presentation lasts approximately 25 minutes.
Since its opening, the ride has gone through two incarnations.
Perhaps the most famous popular representation is the 1933 film King Kong, in which the title character, a giant ape, climbs to the top to escape his captors, but falls to his death. In 1983, the 50th anniversary of the film, an inflatable King Kong was included in the current building. In 2005, a remake of King Kong was released, established in 1930, including a final showdown between Kong and planes on top of the building. In the 1981 film, The Man who saw tomorrow, the building is destroyed in a nuclear attack. In the movie Independence Day, the Empire State Building is destroyed by aliens and the place is located very close to Ground Zero. The Empire State Building in 1966 appears in the series “Doctor Who”. The Empire State Building serves as the stage for the last scene and one of the main themes in the movie “Sleepless in Seattle” (1993), in Spain the title was “Something to Remember” by Nora Ephron, with Tom Hanks and Meg Ryan; remake of “You and I” by Leo McArey with Cary Grant and Deborah Kerr. Many other films including the Empire State Building is listed in the construction of the site itself. In the science fiction novel “The Rebel of Rhada Cham”, by Robert Gilman (Alfred Coppel), which takes place in a galactic empire gradient of the measure in the future, New York, in an ancient city that was destroyed and rebuilt countless times. Its biggest and oldest building, covered with debris stacked up to half its height, is known simply as “The Imperial Tower,” but is obviously the Empire State Building. In the animated series Godzilla was shown sitting on top of the Empire State Building in the show’s main title sequence. The Empire State Building is set out as an integral and much of the plot of Michael Chabon in his 2000 novel “The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier and Clay.”
In the book “Percy Jackson” Mount Olympus is located in the Empire State.
Empire State Building Wallpapers
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